# wpvulnerability/5.1.2/wpvulnerability-process.php

WPVulnerability, version 5.1.2. 823 lines.

- Page: https://pluginprobe.com/plugins/wpvulnerability/5.1.2/code/wpvulnerability-process.php
- Raw: https://pluginprobe.com/plugins/wpvulnerability/5.1.2/raw/wpvulnerability-process.php
- Modified: 2026-08-07T10:49:46+00:00

Line numbers below start at 1. Link to a line or a range by appending a fragment to the
page URL, for example `https://pluginprobe.com/plugins/wpvulnerability/5.1.2/code/wpvulnerability-process.php#L10-L20`.

```php
<?php
/**
 * Process functions
 *
 * @package WPVulnerability
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 */

defined( 'ABSPATH' ) || die( 'No script kiddies please!' );

/**
 * Map a source hostname (or provider name) to a CSS class slug for pill colouring.
 *
 * Accepts either a hostname extracted from a source URL (e.g. "wordfence.com",
 * "nvd.nist.gov") or a raw provider name as a fallback.
 *
 * @since 5.0.0
 *
 * @param string $host Hostname from the source URL, or raw provider name as fallback.
 * @return string CSS slug: wordfence|patchstack|cve|euvd|jvn|wpscan|default.
 */
function wpvulnerability_source_css_slug( $host ) {
	$lower = strtolower( (string) $host );
	if ( false !== strpos( $lower, 'wordfence' ) ) {
		return 'wordfence'; }
	if ( false !== strpos( $lower, 'patchstack' ) ) {
		return 'patchstack'; }
	if ( false !== strpos( $lower, 'euvd' ) ) {
		return 'euvd'; }
	if ( false !== strpos( $lower, 'jvn' ) ) {
		return 'jvn'; }
	if ( false !== strpos( $lower, 'wpscan' ) ) {
		return 'wpscan'; }
	if ( false !== strpos( $lower, 'cve' ) || false !== strpos( $lower, 'nvd' ) ) {
		return 'cve';
	}
	return 'default';
}

/**
 * Build HTML for source attribution pills.
 *
 * Each source becomes a linked pill whose label is the hostname extracted from
 * the source URL (e.g. "wordfence.com", "nvd.nist.gov"). Falls back to the
 * `name` / `id` keys when no URL is present.
 *
 * @since 5.0.0
 *
 * @param array<mixed> $sources Array of source objects from the vulnerability API.
 * @return string HTML div.wpvuln-source-pills, or empty string if no sources.
 */
function wpvulnerability_render_source_pills( $sources ) {
	if ( empty( $sources ) ) {
		return '';
	}
	$pills = array();
	foreach ( $sources as $src ) {
		if ( ! is_array( $src ) ) {
			continue;
		}
		$link = is_scalar( $src['link'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $src['link'] ?? '' ) : '';

		// Derive label and CSS slug from the URL hostname; fall back to name/id.
		$label      = '';
		$slug_input = '';
		if ( '' !== $link ) {
			$parsed = wp_parse_url( $link );
			$host   = ( is_array( $parsed ) && isset( $parsed['host'] ) ) ? (string) $parsed['host'] : '';
			if ( 0 === strpos( $host, 'www.' ) ) {
				$host = substr( $host, 4 );
			}
			if ( '' !== $host ) {
				$label      = $host;
				$slug_input = $host;
			}
		}
		if ( '' === $label ) {
			$name = is_scalar( $src['name'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $src['name'] ?? '' ) : '';
			if ( '' === $name ) {
				$name = is_scalar( $src['id'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $src['id'] ?? '' ) : '';
			}
			$label      = $name;
			$slug_input = $name;
		}
		if ( '' === $label ) {
			continue;
		}

		$slug  = wpvulnerability_source_css_slug( $slug_input );
		$cls   = esc_attr( 'wpvuln-source-pill wpvuln-source-' . $slug );
		$inner = esc_html( $label );
		if ( '' !== $link ) {
			$pills[] = '<a href="' . esc_url( $link ) . '" class="' . $cls . '" target="_blank" rel="external nofollow noopener noreferrer">' . $inner . '</a>';
		} else {
			$pills[] = '<span class="' . $cls . '">' . $inner . '</span>';
		}
	}
	if ( empty( $pills ) ) {
		return '';
	}
	return '<div class="wpvuln-source-pills">' . implode( '', $pills ) . '</div>';
}

/**
 * Build a colour-coded CVSS score + severity badge, optionally followed by an EPSS badge.
 *
 * @since 5.0.0
 *
 * @param string|null $score   Formatted CVSS score (e.g. "7.5") or null.
 * @param string|null $sev_raw Raw severity string (single-char or full word) or null.
 * @param float|null  $epss    EPSS exploitation probability 0–1, or null if not available.
 * @return string HTML span(s) for score and/or EPSS, or empty string if no data.
 */
function wpvulnerability_render_score_badge( $score, $sev_raw, $epss = null ) {
	if ( is_null( $score ) && ( is_null( $sev_raw ) || '' === $sev_raw ) && is_null( $epss ) ) {
		return '';
	}
	$sev_lower = is_string( $sev_raw ) ? strtolower( trim( $sev_raw ) ) : '';
	$css_map   = array(
		'c'        => 'critical',
		'critical' => 'critical',
		'h'        => 'high',
		'high'     => 'high',
		'm'        => 'medium',
		'medium'   => 'medium',
		'l'        => 'low',
		'low'      => 'low',
		'n'        => 'none',
		'none'     => 'none',
	);
	$css_key   = isset( $css_map[ $sev_lower ] ) ? $css_map[ $sev_lower ] : 'none';
	$sev_label = ( is_string( $sev_raw ) && '' !== $sev_raw ) ? wpvulnerability_severity( $sev_raw ) : null;
	$parts     = array();
	if ( ! is_null( $score ) ) {
		$parts[] = esc_html( $score );
	}
	if ( ! is_null( $sev_label ) ) {
		$parts[] = esc_html( $sev_label );
	}
	$badge = '';
	if ( ! empty( $parts ) ) {
		$badge = '<span class="wpvuln-score-badge wpvuln-score-' . esc_attr( $css_key ) . '">' . implode( ' &middot; ', $parts ) . '</span>';
	}
	if ( null !== $epss ) {
		$badge .= '<span class="wpvuln-epss-badge">EPSS&thinsp;' . esc_html( number_format( $epss * 100, 1 ) ) . '%</span>';
	}
	return $badge;
}

/**
 * Extract the best available description from a vulnerability's source array.
 *
 * Iterates source objects and returns the first non-empty description string,
 * stripping any leading language tag (e.g. "[en-US] ") added by the CVE API.
 *
 * @since 5.0.0
 *
 * @param array<mixed> $sources Source objects from the vulnerability API.
 * @return string|null First non-empty description found, or null if none.
 */
function wpvulnerability_get_source_description( $sources ) {
	if ( empty( $sources ) ) {
		return null;
	}
	foreach ( $sources as $src ) {
		if ( ! is_array( $src ) ) {
			continue;
		}
		$raw = isset( $src['description'] ) && is_string( $src['description'] ) ? trim( $src['description'] ) : '';
		if ( '' === $raw ) {
			continue;
		}
		// Strip leading language tag like "[en-US] " or "[ja] ".
		if ( '[' === $raw[0] ) {
			$close = strpos( $raw, '] ' );
			if ( false !== $close ) {
				$raw = substr( $raw, $close + 2 );
			}
		}
		if ( '' !== $raw ) {
			return $raw;
		}
	}
	return null;
}

/**
 * Clean a raw API version range string for display.
 *
 * Examples:
 *   "* - < 1.0.0"   → "< 1.0.0"
 *   "- - < 1.0.0"   → "< 1.0.0"
 *   "- < 1.0.0"     → "< 1.0.0"   (no space-dash-space separator)
 *   "1.0.0 - < 2.0" → "≥ 1.0.0 – < 2.0"
 *
 * @since 5.0.0
 *
 * @param string $versions Raw versions string from the API.
 * @return string Cleaned version range for display (HTML-safe).
 */
function wpvulnerability_clean_version_range( $versions ) {
	$v = trim( (string) $versions );
	if ( '' === $v ) {
		return '';
	}
	// Handle "- < 1.0" / "* < 1.0": leading wildcard without a space-dash-space separator.
	if ( 0 === strpos( $v, '- ' ) || 0 === strpos( $v, '* ' ) ) {
		return esc_html( ltrim( substr( $v, 2 ) ) );
	}
	$parts = explode( ' - ', $v, 2 );
	if ( 2 === count( $parts ) ) {
		$from = trim( $parts[0] );
		$to   = trim( $parts[1] );
		if ( '' === $from || '*' === $from || '-' === $from ) {
			return esc_html( $to );
		}
		return '&ge;&thinsp;' . esc_html( $from ) . ' &ndash; ' . esc_html( $to );
	}
	return esc_html( $v );
}

/**
 * Return an img tag for a component-type icon.
 *
 * @since 5.0.0
 *
 * @param string $type Component type: plugin, theme, core, php, apache, nginx, mariadb, mysql, imagemagick, curl, memcached, redis, sqlite.
 * @return string HTML img tag with class wpvuln-component-icon, or empty string.
 */
function wpvulnerability_component_icon_html( $type ) {
	$icon_map = array(
		'plugin'      => 'icon-plugin.svg',
		'theme'       => 'icon-theme.svg',
		'core'        => 'icon-wordpress.svg',
		'php'         => 'icon-php.svg',
		'apache'      => 'icon-apache.svg',
		'nginx'       => 'icon-nginx.svg',
		'mariadb'     => 'icon-mariadb.svg',
		'mysql'       => 'icon-mysql.svg',
		'imagemagick' => 'icon-imagemagick.svg',
		'curl'        => 'icon-curl.svg',
		'memcached'   => 'icon-memcached.svg',
		'redis'       => 'icon-redis.svg',
		'sqlite'      => 'icon-sqlite.svg',
	);
	if ( ! isset( $icon_map[ $type ] ) ) {
		return '';
	}
	return '<img src="' . esc_url( WPVULNERABILITY_PLUGIN_URL . 'assets/' . $icon_map[ $type ] ) . '" class="wpvuln-component-icon" alt="" />';
}

/**
 * Convert vulnerabilities into pretty HTML
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @param string       $type            Type: core, plugin, theme, php, apache, nginx, mariadb, mysql, imagemagick, curl.
 * @param array<mixed> $vulnerabilities Vulnerability data.
 *
 * @return string The HTML representation of vulnerabilities.
 */
function wpvulnerability_html( $type, $vulnerabilities ) {
	$html = '';

	if ( in_array( $type, array( 'plugin', 'theme' ), true ) ) {
		foreach ( $vulnerabilities as $vulnerability ) {
			if ( ! is_array( $vulnerability ) ) {
				continue; }
			$vuln_impact_raw = $vulnerability['impact'] ?? null;
			$vuln_impact     = is_array( $vuln_impact_raw ) ? $vuln_impact_raw : array();
			$vuln_cvss_raw   = $vuln_impact['cvss'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cvss       = is_array( $vuln_cvss_raw ) ? $vuln_cvss_raw : array();
			$vuln_cvss2_raw  = $vuln_impact['cvss2'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cvss2      = is_array( $vuln_cvss2_raw ) ? $vuln_cvss2_raw : array();
			$vuln_cvss3_raw  = $vuln_impact['cvss3'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cvss3      = is_array( $vuln_cvss3_raw ) ? $vuln_cvss3_raw : array();
			$vuln_cvss4_raw  = $vuln_impact['cvss4'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cvss4      = is_array( $vuln_cvss4_raw ) ? $vuln_cvss4_raw : array();
			$vuln_ssvc_raw   = $vuln_impact['ssvc'] ?? null;
			$vuln_ssvc       = is_array( $vuln_ssvc_raw ) ? $vuln_ssvc_raw : array();
			$vuln_cwe_raw    = $vuln_impact['cwe'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cwe        = is_array( $vuln_cwe_raw ) ? $vuln_cwe_raw : array();
			$vuln_src_raw    = $vulnerability['source'] ?? null;
			$vuln_sources    = is_array( $vuln_src_raw ) ? $vuln_src_raw : array();

			$kev          = ( isset( $vuln_ssvc['kev'] ) && true === $vuln_ssvc['kev'] );
			$exploitation = isset( $vuln_ssvc['exploitation'] ) && is_string( $vuln_ssvc['exploitation'] ) ? $vuln_ssvc['exploitation'] : '';
			$automatable  = isset( $vuln_ssvc['automatable'] ) && is_string( $vuln_ssvc['automatable'] ) ? $vuln_ssvc['automatable'] : '';
			$kev_date_raw = $vuln_ssvc['kev_date'] ?? null;
			$kev_date     = is_string( $kev_date_raw ) && '' !== $kev_date_raw ? $kev_date_raw : null;
			$epss_raw     = $vuln_impact['epss'] ?? null;
			$epss         = is_numeric( $epss_raw ) ? (float) $epss_raw : null;
			$description  = wpvulnerability_get_source_description( $vuln_sources );

			$what = array();
			foreach ( $vuln_cwe as $vulnerability_cwe ) {
				if ( ! is_array( $vulnerability_cwe ) ) {
					continue; }
				$cwe_name = is_scalar( $vulnerability_cwe['name'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $vulnerability_cwe['name'] ?? '' ) : '';
				$cwe_desc = is_scalar( $vulnerability_cwe['description'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $vulnerability_cwe['description'] ?? '' ) : '';
				$what[]   = '<div><b>' . wp_kses( $cwe_name, 'strip' ) . '</b></div><div><i>' . esc_html( $cwe_desc ) . '</i></div>';
			}

			$source = wpvulnerability_render_source_pills( $vuln_sources );

			// Best available CVSS score and severity: cvss4 > cvss3 > cvss2 > legacy cvss.
			$score   = null;
			$sev_raw = null;
			foreach ( array( $vuln_cvss4, $vuln_cvss3, $vuln_cvss2, $vuln_cvss ) as $cvss_c ) {
				if ( empty( $cvss_c ) ) {
					continue; }
				$s_raw = $cvss_c['score'] ?? null;
				$v_raw = $cvss_c['severity'] ?? null;
				$s     = is_numeric( $s_raw ) ? number_format( (float) $s_raw, 1, '.', '' ) : null;
				$v     = is_string( $v_raw ) && '' !== $v_raw ? $v_raw : null;
				if ( null !== $s || null !== $v ) {
					$score   = $s;
					$sev_raw = $v;
					break;
				}
			}

			$vuln_name    = is_scalar( $vulnerability['name'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $vulnerability['name'] ?? '' ) : '';
			$html        .= '<h4>' . wp_kses( $vuln_name, 'strip' ) . '</h4>';
			$vuln_closed  = is_numeric( $vulnerability['closed'] ?? 0 ) ? (int) ( $vulnerability['closed'] ?? 0 ) : 0;
			$vuln_unfixed = is_numeric( $vulnerability['unfixed'] ?? 0 ) ? (int) ( $vulnerability['unfixed'] ?? 0 ) : 0;
			$score_badge  = wpvulnerability_render_score_badge( $score, $sev_raw, $epss );
			$show_active  = $kev || 'active' === $exploitation;
			$show_poc     = 'poc' === $exploitation;
			$show_auto    = 'yes' === $automatable;
			if ( $show_active || $show_poc || $show_auto || '' !== $score_badge ) {
				$html .= '<div style="display:flex; align-items:center; gap:6px; flex-wrap:wrap; margin-bottom:5px;">';
				if ( $show_active ) {
					$html .= '<span class="wpvuln-kev-label">&#9888; ' . esc_html__( 'Actively exploited', 'wpvulnerability' );
					if ( $kev && null !== $kev_date ) {
						$html .= ' &middot; ' . esc_html( $kev_date );
					}
					$html .= '</span>';
				}
				if ( $show_poc ) {
					$html .= '<span class="wpvuln-poc-label">&#9889; ' . esc_html__( 'Public exploit', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</span>';
				}
				if ( $show_auto ) {
					$html .= '<span class="wpvuln-auto-label">&#9881; ' . esc_html__( 'Automatable', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</span>';
				}
				if ( '' !== $score_badge ) {
					$html .= $score_badge;
				}
				$html .= '</div>';
			}
			if ( null !== $description ) {
				$html .= '<div style="padding-bottom: 5px;">' . esc_html( $description ) . '</div>';
			}
			if ( $vuln_closed || $vuln_unfixed ) {
				$html .= '<div style="padding-bottom: 5px;">';
				if ( $vuln_closed ) {
					$html .= '<div class="text-red">' . esc_html__( 'This plugin is closed. Please replace it with another.', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</div>';
				}
				if ( $vuln_unfixed ) {
					$html .= '<div class="text-red">' . esc_html__( 'This vulnerability appears to be unpatched. Stay tuned for upcoming plugin updates.', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</div>';
				}
				$html .= '</div>';
			}

			if ( count( $what ) ) {
				$html .= '<div style="padding-bottom: 5px;">' . implode( '', $what ) . '</div>';
			}

			if ( '' !== $source ) {
				$html .= '<div class="wpvuln-refs-row"><span class="wpvuln-refs-label">' . esc_html__( 'References:', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</span>';
				$html .= $source;
				$html .= '</div>';
			}
		}
	} elseif ( 'core' === $type ) {
		foreach ( $vulnerabilities as $vulnerability ) {
			if ( ! is_array( $vulnerability ) ) {
				continue; }
			$vuln_impact_raw = $vulnerability['impact'] ?? null;
			$vuln_impact     = is_array( $vuln_impact_raw ) ? $vuln_impact_raw : array();
			$vuln_cvss_raw   = $vuln_impact['cvss'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cvss       = is_array( $vuln_cvss_raw ) ? $vuln_cvss_raw : array();
			$vuln_cvss2_raw  = $vuln_impact['cvss2'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cvss2      = is_array( $vuln_cvss2_raw ) ? $vuln_cvss2_raw : array();
			$vuln_cvss3_raw  = $vuln_impact['cvss3'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cvss3      = is_array( $vuln_cvss3_raw ) ? $vuln_cvss3_raw : array();
			$vuln_cvss4_raw  = $vuln_impact['cvss4'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cvss4      = is_array( $vuln_cvss4_raw ) ? $vuln_cvss4_raw : array();
			$vuln_ssvc_raw   = $vuln_impact['ssvc'] ?? null;
			$vuln_ssvc       = is_array( $vuln_ssvc_raw ) ? $vuln_ssvc_raw : array();
			$vuln_cwe_raw    = $vuln_impact['cwe'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cwe        = is_array( $vuln_cwe_raw ) ? $vuln_cwe_raw : array();
			$vuln_src_raw    = $vulnerability['source'] ?? null;
			$vuln_sources    = is_array( $vuln_src_raw ) ? $vuln_src_raw : array();

			$kev          = ( isset( $vuln_ssvc['kev'] ) && true === $vuln_ssvc['kev'] );
			$exploitation = isset( $vuln_ssvc['exploitation'] ) && is_string( $vuln_ssvc['exploitation'] ) ? $vuln_ssvc['exploitation'] : '';
			$automatable  = isset( $vuln_ssvc['automatable'] ) && is_string( $vuln_ssvc['automatable'] ) ? $vuln_ssvc['automatable'] : '';
			$kev_date_raw = $vuln_ssvc['kev_date'] ?? null;
			$kev_date     = is_string( $kev_date_raw ) && '' !== $kev_date_raw ? $kev_date_raw : null;
			$epss_raw     = $vuln_impact['epss'] ?? null;
			$epss         = is_numeric( $epss_raw ) ? (float) $epss_raw : null;
			$description  = wpvulnerability_get_source_description( $vuln_sources );

			$what = array();
			foreach ( $vuln_cwe as $vulnerability_cwe ) {
				if ( ! is_array( $vulnerability_cwe ) ) {
					continue; }
				$cwe_name = is_scalar( $vulnerability_cwe['name'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $vulnerability_cwe['name'] ?? '' ) : '';
				$cwe_desc = is_scalar( $vulnerability_cwe['description'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $vulnerability_cwe['description'] ?? '' ) : '';
				$what[]   = '<div><b>' . wp_kses( $cwe_name, 'strip' ) . '</b></div><div><i>' . esc_html( $cwe_desc ) . '</i></div>';
			}

			$source = wpvulnerability_render_source_pills( $vuln_sources );

			// Best available CVSS score and severity: cvss4 > cvss3 > cvss2 > legacy cvss.
			$score   = null;
			$sev_raw = null;
			foreach ( array( $vuln_cvss4, $vuln_cvss3, $vuln_cvss2, $vuln_cvss ) as $cvss_c ) {
				if ( empty( $cvss_c ) ) {
					continue; }
				$s_raw = $cvss_c['score'] ?? null;
				$v_raw = $cvss_c['severity'] ?? null;
				$s     = is_numeric( $s_raw ) ? number_format( (float) $s_raw, 1, '.', '' ) : null;
				$v     = is_string( $v_raw ) && '' !== $v_raw ? $v_raw : null;
				if ( null !== $s || null !== $v ) {
					$score   = $s;
					$sev_raw = $v;
					break;
				}
			}

			$vuln_name   = is_scalar( $vulnerability['name'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $vulnerability['name'] ?? '' ) : '';
			$html       .= '<h3>' . wpvulnerability_component_icon_html( 'core' ) . ' WordPress ' . wp_kses( $vuln_name, 'strip' ) . '</h3>';
			$score_badge = wpvulnerability_render_score_badge( $score, $sev_raw, $epss );
			$show_active = $kev || 'active' === $exploitation;
			$show_poc    = 'poc' === $exploitation;
			$show_auto   = 'yes' === $automatable;
			if ( $show_active || $show_poc || $show_auto || '' !== $score_badge ) {
				$html .= '<div style="display:flex; align-items:center; gap:6px; flex-wrap:wrap; margin-bottom:5px;">';
				if ( $show_active ) {
					$html .= '<span class="wpvuln-kev-label">&#9888; ' . esc_html__( 'Actively exploited', 'wpvulnerability' );
					if ( $kev && null !== $kev_date ) {
						$html .= ' &middot; ' . esc_html( $kev_date );
					}
					$html .= '</span>';
				}
				if ( $show_poc ) {
					$html .= '<span class="wpvuln-poc-label">&#9889; ' . esc_html__( 'Public exploit', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</span>';
				}
				if ( $show_auto ) {
					$html .= '<span class="wpvuln-auto-label">&#9881; ' . esc_html__( 'Automatable', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</span>';
				}
				if ( '' !== $score_badge ) {
					$html .= $score_badge;
				}
				$html .= '</div>';
			}
			if ( null !== $description ) {
				$html .= '<div style="padding-bottom: 5px;">' . esc_html( $description ) . '</div>';
			}

			if ( count( $what ) ) {
				$html .= '<div style="padding-bottom: 5px;">' . implode( '', $what ) . '</div>';
			}

			if ( '' !== $source ) {
				$html .= '<div class="wpvuln-refs-row"><span class="wpvuln-refs-label">' . esc_html__( 'References:', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</span>';
				$html .= $source;
				$html .= '</div>';
			}
		}
	} elseif ( in_array( $type, array( 'php', 'apache', 'nginx', 'mariadb', 'mysql', 'imagemagick', 'curl', 'memcached', 'redis', 'sqlite' ), true ) ) {
		foreach ( $vulnerabilities as $vulnerability ) {
			if ( ! is_array( $vulnerability ) ) {
				continue; }
			$vuln_impact_raw = $vulnerability['impact'] ?? null;
			$vuln_impact     = is_array( $vuln_impact_raw ) ? $vuln_impact_raw : array();
			$vuln_cvss2_raw  = $vuln_impact['cvss2'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cvss2      = is_array( $vuln_cvss2_raw ) ? $vuln_cvss2_raw : array();
			$vuln_cvss3_raw  = $vuln_impact['cvss3'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cvss3      = is_array( $vuln_cvss3_raw ) ? $vuln_cvss3_raw : array();
			$vuln_cvss4_raw  = $vuln_impact['cvss4'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cvss4      = is_array( $vuln_cvss4_raw ) ? $vuln_cvss4_raw : array();
			$vuln_cwe_raw    = $vuln_impact['cwe'] ?? null;
			$vuln_cwe        = is_array( $vuln_cwe_raw ) ? $vuln_cwe_raw : array();
			$vuln_src_raw    = $vulnerability['source'] ?? null;
			$vuln_sources    = is_array( $vuln_src_raw ) ? $vuln_src_raw : array();

			// For software endpoints, kev is at impact.kev (not inside ssvc).
			$kev         = ( isset( $vuln_impact['kev'] ) && true === $vuln_impact['kev'] );
			$description = wpvulnerability_get_source_description( $vuln_sources );

			$what = array();
			foreach ( $vuln_cwe as $vulnerability_cwe ) {
				if ( ! is_array( $vulnerability_cwe ) ) {
					continue; }
				$cwe_name = is_scalar( $vulnerability_cwe['name'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $vulnerability_cwe['name'] ?? '' ) : '';
				$cwe_desc = is_scalar( $vulnerability_cwe['description'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $vulnerability_cwe['description'] ?? '' ) : '';
				$what[]   = '<div><b>' . wp_kses( $cwe_name, 'strip' ) . '</b></div><div><i>' . esc_html( $cwe_desc ) . '</i></div>';
			}

			$source = wpvulnerability_render_source_pills( $vuln_sources );

			// Best available CVSS score and severity: cvss4 > cvss3 > cvss2.
			$score   = null;
			$sev_raw = null;
			foreach ( array( $vuln_cvss4, $vuln_cvss3, $vuln_cvss2 ) as $cvss_c ) {
				if ( empty( $cvss_c ) ) {
					continue; }
				$s_raw = $cvss_c['score'] ?? null;
				$v_raw = $cvss_c['severity'] ?? null;
				$s     = is_numeric( $s_raw ) ? number_format( (float) $s_raw, 1, '.', '' ) : null;
				$v     = is_string( $v_raw ) && '' !== $v_raw ? $v_raw : null;
				if ( null !== $s || null !== $v ) {
					$score   = $s;
					$sev_raw = $v;
					break;
				}
			}

			$vuln_name   = is_scalar( $vulnerability['name'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $vulnerability['name'] ?? '' ) : '';
			$html       .= '<h4>' . wp_kses( $vuln_name, 'strip' ) . '</h4>';
			$score_badge = wpvulnerability_render_score_badge( $score, $sev_raw );
			if ( $kev || '' !== $score_badge ) {
				$html .= '<div style="display:flex; align-items:center; gap:6px; flex-wrap:wrap; margin-bottom:5px;">';
				if ( $kev ) {
					$html .= '<span class="wpvuln-kev-label">&#9888; ' . esc_html__( 'Actively exploited', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</span>';
				}
				if ( '' !== $score_badge ) {
					$html .= $score_badge;
				}
				$html .= '</div>';
			}
			if ( null !== $description ) {
				$html .= '<div style="padding-bottom: 5px;">' . esc_html( $description ) . '</div>';
			}
			if ( count( $what ) ) {
				$html .= '<div style="padding-bottom: 5px;">' . implode( '', $what ) . '</div>';
			}

			if ( '' !== $source ) {
				$html .= '<div class="wpvuln-refs-row"><span class="wpvuln-refs-label">' . esc_html__( 'References:', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</span>';
				$html .= $source;
				$html .= '</div>';
			}
		}
	}

	return $html;
}

/**
 * Convert vulnerabilities into HTML format.
 *
 * @since 3.5.0
 *
 * @param string $type Type of software (php, apache, nginx, mariadb, mysql, imagemagick, curl).
 * @return string|false The HTML output if vulnerabilities were found, false otherwise.
 */
function wpvulnerability_html_software( $type ) {
	$html          = '';
	$found         = false;
	$software_name = null;

	// Map software types to their names.
	$software_names = array(
		'php'         => 'PHP',
		'apache'      => 'Apache HTTP',
		'nginx'       => 'Nginx',
		'mariadb'     => 'MariaDB',
		'mysql'       => 'MySQL',
		'imagemagick' => 'ImageMagick',
		'curl'        => 'curl',
		'memcached'   => 'memcached',
		'redis'       => 'redis',
		'sqlite'      => 'sqlite',
	);

	// Check if the type is valid and get the software name.
	if ( isset( $software_names[ $type ] ) ) {
		$software_name = $software_names[ $type ];
	} else {
		return false; // Invalid type.
	}

	$version         = wpvulnerability_sanitize_and_validate_version( wpvulnerability_get_software_version( $type ) );
	$software_data   = wpvulnerability_software_get_vulnerabilities( $type );
	$vulnerabilities = array();

	if ( is_array( $software_data ) && isset( $software_data['vulnerabilities'] ) && is_array( $software_data['vulnerabilities'] ) ) {
		$vulnerabilities = $software_data['vulnerabilities'];
	}

	// Check if vulnerabilities were found.
	if ( 0 < count( $vulnerabilities ) ) {
		$found = true;

		// translators: %s: software name.
		$html .= '<h3>' . wpvulnerability_component_icon_html( $type ) . sprintf( esc_html__( '%s running', 'wpvulnerability' ), esc_html( $software_name ) ) . ': ' . wp_kses( (string) $version, 'strip' ) . '</h3>';

		// Show lifecycle status if available.
		$lifecycle   = isset( $software_data['lifecycle'] ) && is_array( $software_data['lifecycle'] ) ? $software_data['lifecycle'] : array();
		$lc_status   = is_scalar( $lifecycle['status'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $lifecycle['status'] ?? '' ) : '';
		$lc_date_end = is_scalar( $lifecycle['date_end'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $lifecycle['date_end'] ?? '' ) : '';

		if ( 'e' === $lc_status || 's' === $lc_status ) {
			$html .= '<div style="padding: 4px 0 8px;">';
			if ( 'e' === $lc_status ) {
				$html .= '<span class="text-red">&#9679; ' . esc_html__( 'End of Life', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</span>';
				if ( '' !== $lc_date_end ) {
					$html .= ' &mdash; ' . esc_html__( 'End of life:', 'wpvulnerability' ) . ' <strong>' . esc_html( $lc_date_end ) . '</strong>';
				}
			} else {
				$html .= '<span class="text-green">&#9679; ' . esc_html__( 'Supported', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</span>';
				if ( '' !== $lc_date_end ) {
					$html .= ' &mdash; ' . esc_html__( 'End of life:', 'wpvulnerability' ) . ' ' . esc_html( $lc_date_end );
				}
			}
			$html .= '</div>';
		}

		$html .= wpvulnerability_html( $type, $vulnerabilities );
	}

	return $found ? $html : false;
}

/**
 * Convert plugin vulnerabilities into HTML format.
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @return string|false The HTML output if plugin vulnerabilities were found, false otherwise.
 */
function wpvulnerability_html_plugins() {
	$html  = '';
	$found = false;

	$plugins = wpvulnerability_plugin_get_vulnerabilities();

	foreach ( $plugins as $file_path => $plugin_data ) {
		if ( ! is_array( $plugin_data ) ) {
			continue; }
		// Check if the plugin is marked as vulnerable.
		if ( isset( $plugin_data['vulnerable'] ) && 1 === $plugin_data['vulnerable'] ) {
			$found = true;

			// Generate HTML markup for the plugin vulnerability.
			$plugin_name  = is_scalar( $plugin_data['Name'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $plugin_data['Name'] ?? '' ) : '';
			$html        .= '<h3>' . wpvulnerability_component_icon_html( 'plugin' ) . esc_html__( 'Plugin', 'wpvulnerability' ) . ': ' . wp_kses( $plugin_name, 'strip' ) . '</h3>';
			$plugin_vulns = isset( $plugin_data['vulnerabilities'] ) && is_array( $plugin_data['vulnerabilities'] ) ? $plugin_data['vulnerabilities'] : array();
			$html        .= wpvulnerability_html( 'plugin', $plugin_vulns );
		}
	}

	// Return the HTML if vulnerabilities were found.
	return $found ? $html : false;
}

/**
 * Convert plugin vulnerabilities into list format.
 *
 * @since 2.2.0
 *
 * @return string|false The HTML output if plugin vulnerabilities were found, false otherwise.
 */
function wpvulnerability_list_plugins() {
	$html  = '<ul class="inside">';
	$found = false;

	// Get vulnerabilities data for plugins.
	$plugins = wpvulnerability_plugin_get_vulnerabilities();

	// Iterate through each plugin's data.
	foreach ( $plugins as $file_path => $plugin_data ) {
		if ( ! is_array( $plugin_data ) ) {
			continue; }
		// Check if the plugin is marked as vulnerable.
		if ( isset( $plugin_data['vulnerable'] ) && 1 === $plugin_data['vulnerable'] ) {
			$found = true;

			// Generate HTML markup for the plugin vulnerability.
			$plugin_name = is_scalar( $plugin_data['Name'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $plugin_data['Name'] ?? '' ) : '';
			$html       .= '<li>' . wp_kses( $plugin_name, 'strip' ) . '</li>';
		}
	}

	$html .= '</ul>';

	// Return the HTML if vulnerabilities were found.
	return $found ? $html : false;
}

/**
 * Convert theme vulnerabilities into HTML format.
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @return string|false The HTML output if theme vulnerabilities were found, false otherwise.
 */
function wpvulnerability_html_themes() {
	$html  = '';
	$found = false;

	// Get vulnerabilities data for themes.
	$themes = wpvulnerability_theme_get_vulnerabilities();

	// Iterate through each theme's data.
	foreach ( $themes as $theme_data ) {
		if ( ! is_array( $theme_data ) ) {
			continue; }
		$td_wpv = isset( $theme_data['wpvulnerability'] ) && is_array( $theme_data['wpvulnerability'] ) ? $theme_data['wpvulnerability'] : array();
		// Check if the theme is marked as vulnerable.
		if ( isset( $td_wpv['vulnerable'] ) && 1 === ( is_numeric( $td_wpv['vulnerable'] ) ? (int) $td_wpv['vulnerable'] : 0 ) ) {
			$found = true;

			// Generate HTML markup for the theme vulnerability.
			$theme_name = is_scalar( $td_wpv['name'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $td_wpv['name'] ?? '' ) : '';
			$html      .= '<h3>' . wpvulnerability_component_icon_html( 'theme' ) . esc_html__( 'Theme', 'wpvulnerability' ) . ': ' . wp_kses( $theme_name, 'strip' ) . '</h3>';
			$vuln_list  = isset( $td_wpv['vulnerabilities'] ) && is_array( $td_wpv['vulnerabilities'] ) ? $td_wpv['vulnerabilities'] : array();
			$html      .= wpvulnerability_html( 'theme', $vuln_list );
		}
	}

	// Return the HTML if vulnerabilities were found.
	return $found ? $html : false;
}

/**
 * Convert theme vulnerabilities into list format.
 *
 * @since 2.2.0
 *
 * @return string|false The HTML output if theme vulnerabilities were found, false otherwise.
 */
function wpvulnerability_list_themes() {
	$html  = '<ul class="inside">';
	$found = false;

	// Get vulnerabilities data for themes.
	$themes = wpvulnerability_theme_get_vulnerabilities();

	// Iterate through each theme's data.
	foreach ( $themes as $theme_data ) {
		if ( ! is_array( $theme_data ) ) {
			continue; }
		$td_wpv = isset( $theme_data['wpvulnerability'] ) && is_array( $theme_data['wpvulnerability'] ) ? $theme_data['wpvulnerability'] : array();
		// Check if the theme is marked as vulnerable.
		if ( isset( $td_wpv['vulnerable'] ) && 1 === ( is_numeric( $td_wpv['vulnerable'] ) ? (int) $td_wpv['vulnerable'] : 0 ) ) {
			$found = true;

			// Generate HTML markup for the theme vulnerability.
			$theme_name = is_scalar( $td_wpv['name'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $td_wpv['name'] ?? '' ) : '';
			$html      .= '<li>' . wp_kses( $theme_name, 'strip' ) . '</li>';
		}
	}

	$html .= '</ul>';

	// Return the HTML if vulnerabilities were found.
	return $found ? $html : false;
}

/**
 * Returns an EOL badge HTML span for a software component.
 *
 * Reads the cached lifecycle data for the given software type and returns
 * a styled badge when the component has reached end-of-life status.
 *
 * @since 5.0.0
 *
 * @param string $type The software type (e.g., 'php', 'apache', 'mariadb').
 *
 * @return string HTML badge string, or empty string if not EOL or no data.
 */
function wpvulnerability_eol_badge_html( $type ) {
	$sw_data  = wpvulnerability_software_get_vulnerabilities( $type );
	$lc       = isset( $sw_data['lifecycle'] ) && is_array( $sw_data['lifecycle'] ) ? $sw_data['lifecycle'] : array();
	$status   = is_scalar( $lc['status'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $lc['status'] ?? '' ) : '';
	$date_end = is_scalar( $lc['date_end'] ?? '' ) ? (string) ( $lc['date_end'] ?? '' ) : '';

	if ( 'e' !== $status ) {
		return '';
	}

	if ( '' !== $date_end ) {
		/* translators: %s: end-of-life date */
		$title = sprintf( __( 'End of life: %s', 'wpvulnerability' ), $date_end );
	} else {
		$title = __( 'End of Life', 'wpvulnerability' );
	}

	return '<span class="wpvuln-badge wpvuln-badge-eol" title="' . esc_attr( $title ) . '">' . esc_html__( 'EOL', 'wpvulnerability' ) . '</span>';
}

/**
 * Convert core vulnerabilities into HTML format.
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @return string|false The HTML output if core vulnerabilities were found, false otherwise.
 */
function wpvulnerability_html_core() {
	$html  = '';
	$found = false;

	// Get vulnerabilities data for WordPress core.
	$core = wpvulnerability_core_get_vulnerabilities();

	// Check if there are any vulnerabilities.
	if ( count( $core ) ) {
		$found = true;

		// Generate HTML markup for the core vulnerabilities.
		$html .= wpvulnerability_html( 'core', $core );
	}

	// Return the HTML if vulnerabilities were found.
	return $found ? $html : false;
}

```